Jkbose 12th Class Physics Guess Paper 2025 | Most Important Questions Pdf

 Jkbose 12th Class Physics Guess Paper 2025 | Most Important Questions Pdf

Paper Pattern Physics

Section A	1 Marks Each	1x10=10
Section B	2 Marks Each	2x9=18
Section C	3 Marks Each	3x9=27
Section D	5 Marks Each	5x3=15

 

Unit I – Electrostatics (09 Marks)

Long Answer Type Questions

1.   State Coulomb’s law in electrostatics. Express it in vector form and explain its importance. Define one coulomb of charge.

2. State and explain the principle of superposition in electrostatics. Derive an expression for force on charge q due to n charges in terms of position vector.

3. What is an electric dipole? Define dipole moment.
Derive expressions for electric field on (i) axial line and (ii) equatorial line of a dipole.

4. Derive expression for torque experienced by an electric dipole placed in a uniform electric field and find net force.

5. State and prove Gauss’s law. Derive expressions for electric field due to (i) infinitely long wire, (ii) infinite plane sheet, (iii) two infinite plane sheets and (iv) thin spherical shell.

6. Define electric potential. Derive potential at a distance r from a point charge.

7. What is electric potential energy? Derive expression for potential energy of a three-charge system.

8. Define dipole moment. Derive expression for work done in rotating a dipole in a uniform field.

9. Define capacitance and derive formulas for three capacitors connected in (i) series and (ii) parallel.

10.              Derive expression for capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor with and without dielectric slab.

Very Very Short Answer Questions

1.   Properties of electric field lines.

2. Define equipotential surface and its properties.

3. Relation between electric field and potential.

4. Law of conservation of electric charge.

Numericals Coulomb’s law, electric field, potential energy, capacitance.

Unit II – Current Electricity (07 Marks)

Long Answer Type Questions

1.   Define drift velocity and derive its expression.

2. Derive relation between drift velocity and electric current.

3. State Ohm’s law and express it in vector form. Define one ohm.

4. Factors on which resistance and resistivity depend.

5. Explain Kirchhoff's laws.

5. Wheatstone bridge – principle and derivation of balancing condition.

6. Define emf and internal resistance of a cell and factors affecting it.

Numericals Current, resistance, resistivity, temperature dependence, series/parallel combination, power.

Unit III – Magnetic Effects of Current & Magnetism (09 Marks)

Long Answer Type Questions

1.   State Biot–Savart law and derive B for (i) straight conductor (ii) circular loop.

2. State Ampere’s law and derive B for a solenoid.

3. Derive force per unit length between two parallel currents in (i) same (ii) opposite directions.

4. Explain principle, construction and working of moving-coil galvanometer. Prove that deflection ∝∝ current.

5. Define and compare diamagnetic, paramagnetic and ferromagnetic substances.

6. Define magnetic dipole and derive B at (i) axial and (ii) equatorial points.

7. Derive torque on a bar magnet in uniform B-field.

Very Very Short Answer Type Questions

1.   Force on a charged particle in B-field (path, max/min force).

2. Conversion of galvanometer into ammeter and voltmeter.

3. Properties of magnetic field lines.

Unit IV – Electromagnetic Induction & Alternating Current (09 Marks)

Long Answer Type Questions

1.   State Lenz’s law and show it follows law of energy conservation.

2. Define self-induction and derive expression for its coefficient and factors affecting it.

3. Define rms value of AC and derive expression.

4. Define impedance and phase angle for LCR series circuit.

5. Derive expression for average power in AC and define power factor.

6. Transformer – construction, working, theory, efficiency and losses.

7. AC generator – principle, construction and working.

Very Very Short Answer Type Questions

1.   Faraday’s laws of EMI.

2. Distinguish between average and rms value of AC.

3. Resonance in series LCR circuit.

Numericals Inductive reactance, capacitive reactance.

Unit V – Electromagnetic Waves (03 Marks)

1.   What is displacement current? Write its properties and equations.

2. Velocity of EM waves – numerical & MCQ.

3. Characteristics of EM waves.

4. Electromagnetic spectrum and its applications.

Unit VI – Optics (14 Marks)

Long Answer Type Questions

1.   Mirror formula and sign conventions for concave/convex mirrors.

2. Total internal reflection – conditions and assumptions.

3. Lens formula for (i) concave (ii) convex lens.

4. Lens-maker’s formula and its derivation for both lenses.

5. Refraction through a prism – define angle of prism, deviation, minimum deviation and factors affecting them.

6. Explain dispersion through a prism; define angular dispersion and dispersive power.

7. Compound microscope – construction and magnifying power.

8. Astronomical telescope – principle and magnifying power.

9. Huygens principle – prove laws of reflection and refraction.

10.              Young’s double-slit experiment – conditions for constructive & destructive interference.

11.               Diffraction of light at a single slit – conditions for secondary maxima & minima.

Very Very Short Answer Type Questions

1.   Refractive index and factors affecting it.

Numericals

Mirror/lens formula, power of lens, combination of lenses, refractive index, magnifying power, Young's experiment.

Unit VII – Dual Nature of Radiation & Matter (04 Marks)

1.   Define work function and its SI unit.

2. Explain photoelectric effect and factors affecting photoelectric current.

3. Define threshold frequency and threshold wavelength.

3. State laws of photoelectric effect.

4. Einstein’s explanation and equations.

5. de-Broglie hypothesis and derive λ=h/pλ=h/p.

Numericals Threshold frequency, max kinetic energy, de-Broglie wavelength.

Unit VIII – Atoms & Nuclei (08 Marks)

Long Answer Type Questions

1.   Bohr’s postulates and derivations for radius and energy of electron.

2. Draw energy-level diagram for spectral series of hydrogen atom.

3. Define isotope, isobar, isoelectronic species.

4. Define atomic mass unit and relation between amu and MeV.

5. Define binding energy and mass defect and derive expression for binding energy per nucleon.

6. Binding energy curve – features.

7. Nuclear fission and fusion – difference.

Unit IX – Electronic Devices (07 Marks)

Long Answer Type Questions

1.   Explain formation of energy bands in solids.

2. Distinguish conductors, insulators and semiconductors using band theory.

3. What are extrinsic semiconductors? Differentiate p-type and n-type.

4. Write properties of semiconductors.

5. Explain p–n junction and its forward and reverse biasing.

6. What is rectification? Explain p–n junction as (i) half-wave (ii) full-wave rectifier.